Villas
- Cernusco sul Naviglio
Villa Biancani-Greppi
The villa passed from Biancani to Greppi, was a hospital, then purchased by the municipality in 1961 and restored.
The construction was commissioned by Count Giulio Antonio Biancani and later acquired by a brilliant imperial official, as well as a skilled entrepreneur and man of culture: Antonio Greppi. He, perhaps hoping to sell the building to the Habsburgs, had it renovated by the leading architect of the time, the famous Giuseppe Piermarini. However, the deal never went through, and the villa was later transferred to the Ospedale Maggiore of Milan, which turned it into a chronic care facility and a tuberculosis hospital, causing some discontent among the residents of Cernusco.
An initial attempt to purchase the property in the 1930s, promoted by the mayor Luigi Gervasoni, failed due to the refusal of the Provincial Council, which rejected the agreement already made with the Ospedale Maggiore for a sum of around 750,000 lire.
The second attempt, however, was successful, and the villa was finally bought by the Municipality in 1961, during the administration of Mayor Trabattoni. After necessary restoration work, it became the seat of the Town Hall.
The villa was built on an existing building documented in 1685 as the property of Antonio Biancani and briefly outlined in the land registry of Charles VI (1721). The rebuilding is attributed to Giulio Antonio Biancani and took place between 1732 and 1743, as indicated in an engraving by Marc’Antonio Dal Re where the construction appears in the background of Villa Alari in its present form.
The building was designed along an east-west axis, aligning the entrance exedra on Via Tizzoni, the main courtyard, the transverse body of the villa, and the garden enclosed by a balustrade exedra. The view once extended toward the surrounding countryside. A striking scenic element is the arched portico that opens up the mass of the building without interrupting the perspective view: supported by paired granite columns, it features an elegant design inspired by Mannerism.
The decorative elements of the villa commissioned by Giulio Antonio Biancani were different from the current ones, in line with the style known as ""Baroque-Teresian.""
Nothing remains of the splendid interiors: the furnishings were dispersed, and the frescoes lost. However, the name of one painter remains: Gaetano Dardanone (1688-1757), who was considered ""famous"" by contemporary critics and recently rediscovered.
The few remaining decorations in the former chapel on the main floor (now the Mayor's office) cannot be attributed to him: they are architectural quadratures and floral motifs dating from the first half of the 18th century.
Upon the death of Giulio Antonio, the villa of Cernusco was auctioned on April 21, 1752: it was acquired by the farmer Antonio de’ Pecis, but he also had to answer for the debts contracted by Biancani, including the one with Gaetano Dardanone, which allowed for the attribution of the frescoes.
In 1769, the building was purchased by Antonio Greppi, a prominent figure in Austrian Lombardy, who belonged to the minor nobility of Bergamo. At just 27 years old, he was entrusted with the crucial contract for the General Lease, which he managed for twenty years (1750-1770), amassing a significant fortune and becoming ""the indispensable man of the Austrian administration"" (P. Verri). His relationship with the Habsburgs solidified starting in 1771, with the arrival of Ferdinand in Milan. Behind the scenes, Greppi used his prestige and financial resources to serve the crown.
In 1772, he commissioned Giuseppe Piermarini to design his Milanese palace on Via Sant’Antonio, beautifully decorated by the same craftsmen working for the archduke.
Greppi was a merchant, entrepreneur, banker, and also a friend and patron of artists and writers, including Giacomo Casanova, Giuseppe Parini, and Pietro Metastasio. He had five sons with his wife, Donna Laura Cotta, a noblewoman from Bergamo, and together with some of them, he opened commercial “houses” in Amsterdam, Hamburg, and Cadiz.
For his diplomatic merits, in 1778, Empress Maria Theresa awarded him the title of Count of Bussero and Corneliano, and on August 30, 1780, the prestigious Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary.
Greppi immediately worked to acquire adjacent land to expand the garden, particularly to provide access from the canal. For this reason, on September 27, 1770, he bought several rural houses from Countess Antonia Sola, which he had demolished to create the connection.
The work lasted from 1771 to 1776, with the construction of two gates facing Via Cavour. Piermarini's intervention in the ""modernization"" of the villa is documented by Pietro Verri in a letter to his brother Alessandro. However, from October 8, 1771, the reference became “Engineer Croci,” a famous architect who had previously worked on the villa on commission from the former owner, de’ Pecis.
The correspondence also mentions another artist, “Mr. Galeari,” who can be identified as one of the Galliari brothers, painters and theater set designers. Recent critics attribute the gates on Via Cavour to Fabrizio. The refined perspective correction of the gates, which are not aligned with Via Cavour, is the invention of a late Baroque set designer. Piermarini is also credited with the reconstruction in stone of the pillars, which had been hastily built in brick four years earlier.
The Cernusco properties were inherited by Greppi’s son Marco. Due to the family's financial decline, the villa was sold in 1848 to Giuseppe Tizzoni. A few years later, Luigi Tizzoni donated it to the Uboldo Hospital, which later transferred it to the Ospedale Maggiore of Milan in 1886.
In 1955, the Ospedale Maggiore decided to shut down the ""chronic care facility,"" but they took away a souvenir: the frescoes, which they intended to reuse in the offices of the General Secretariat in Milan. Two of these were found in 2005 in the storage of the ""Ca' Granda."" The frescoes covered the ceilings of two rooms and are probably from the work carried out by Antonio Greppi between 1771 and 1776. One of the two frescoes, restored in 2009, has since returned to the Cernusco villa.
During the dark years of its use as a hospital annex and the subsequent period of disuse before the Municipality’s acquisition (1961), the villa fell into significant disrepair. The restoration work, completed in 1978, restored the exterior, while the interior was renovated to house municipal offices.
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Useful information about the place
Address: Via Camillo Benso di Cavour, 51, 20063 Cernusco sul Naviglio (Milano), Italia
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